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Make America Great Again Nixon Commercial

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American campaign slogan

Trump's "Make America Keen Again!" sign used during his 2016 presidential campaign earlier Trump selected Mike Pence equally his vice presidential running mate

"Make America Great Again" or MAGA ()[a] is a campaign slogan used in American politics popularized by Donald Trump in his successful 2016 presidential campaign. Ronald Reagan used the similar slogan "Let's Make America Corking Again" in his successful 1980 presidential campaign. Bill Clinton also used the phrase in speeches during his successful 1992 presidential campaign and used information technology over again in a radio commercial aired for his married woman Hillary Clinton's unsuccessful 2008 presidential chief campaign. Douglas Schoen has called Trump's use of the phrase "probably the well-nigh resonant campaign slogan in recent history", citing majorities of Americans who believed that the country was in decline.[2] [3]

The slogan became a popular culture phenomenon, seeing widespread utilise and spawning numerous variants in the arts, entertainment and politics, beingness used past those who back up and oppose the presidency of Donald Trump.

Since its popularization in the 2010s, the slogan is considered a loaded phrase. Multiple analytic journalists, scholars, and commentators link it to racism in the Us, regarding it as domestic dog-whistle politics and coded language.[4] [v] [6] [seven] The slogan was also at the center of two events originally reported inaccurately in most media outlets, the Jussie Smollett set on hoax and the January 2019 Lincoln Memorial confrontation.[8] [9] [10] [xi]

Use before Donald Trump [edit]

Alexander Wiley [edit]

The phrase was first used by Republican senator Alexander Wiley in a speech at the third session of the 76th United States Congress in anticipation of the 1940 United States presidential election: "What is the manner? Here is America. There are 130,000,000 of us. America needs a leader who can coordinate labor, capital, and management; who tin give the man of enterprise encouragement, who tin give them the spirit which will beget vision. That will make America great again."[12]

Barry Goldwater [edit]

The slogan was found in some advertising associated with Barry Goldwater'southward unsuccessful 1964 presidential campaign.[13]

Ronald Reagan [edit]

"Let's make America nifty again" was famously used in Ronald Reagan's 1980 presidential campaign. At the time the United States was suffering from a worsening economy at home marked by stagflation and Reagan, using the country'due south economical distress as a springboard for his entrada, used the slogan to stir a sense of patriotism among the electorate.[14] [15] [16] [17] Within his credence speech at the 1980 Republican National Convention, Reagan said, "For those without chore opportunities, we'll stimulate new opportunities, especially in the inner cities where they live. For those who've abandoned hope, we'll restore hope and we'll welcome them into a bang-up national crusade to brand America great again."[18] [nineteen]

Bill Clinton [edit]

The phrase was also used in speeches[20] by Pecker Clinton during his 1992 presidential entrada.[21] Clinton besides used the phrase in a radio commercial aired for Hillary Clinton'due south 2008 presidential main entrada.[22]

During the 2016 electoral entrada, Clinton suggested that Trump's version, used as a campaign rallying cry, was a bulletin to white Southerners that Trump was promising to "requite you lot an economy you had fifty years ago, and... move you dorsum up on the social totem pole and other people downward."[23]

Christine O'Donnell [edit]

Christine O'Donnell's book about her unsuccessful 2010 bid as the Republican nominee for a The states Senate seat in Delaware was published by St. Martin'due south Press on August xvi, 2011, as Troublemaker: Let's Do What It Takes to Make America Great Again.[24]

Use by Donald Trump [edit]

Donald Trump wearing a "Brand America Great Once more" cap during his 2016 presidential campaign

In December 2011, Trump fabricated a statement in which he said he was unwilling to rule out running as a presidential candidate in the future, explaining "I must leave all of my options open up considering, above all else, nosotros must make America great once again."[25] Also in December 2011, he published a book using as a subtitle the like phrase "Making America #one Again" – which in a 2015 reissue was inverse to "Make America Great Again!"[26]

Trump popularized the slogan "Make America Great Again" by stitching information technology onto his widely distributed cap

On January 1, 2012, a grouping of Trump supporters filed paperwork with the Texas Secretarial assistant of Country's office to create the "Make America Great Again Party", which would accept allowed Trump to be that political party's nominee if he had decided to get a third-party candidate in the 2012 presidential election.[27] Trump himself began using the slogan formally on November 7, 2012, the day after Barack Obama won his reelection against Paw Romney. By his own account, Trump offset considered "Nosotros Will Make America Great", only did not feel like it had the right "ring" to it. "Make America Nifty" was his next slogan idea, but upon further reflection, he felt that it was a slight to America because it implied that America was never not bad. After selecting "Make America Swell Again", Trump immediately had an attorney register it. (Trump later said he was unaware of Reagan'south use in 1980 until 2015, but noted that "he didn't trademark it.")[28] On November 12 he signed an application with the United States Patent and Trademark Office requesting exclusive rights to use the slogan for political purposes. Information technology was registered as a service marking on July 14, 2015, after Trump formally began his 2016 presidential campaign and demonstrated that he was using the slogan for the purpose stated on the awarding.[29] [28] [30] Trump used the slogan in public as early as Baronial 2013, in an interview with Jonathan Karl.[31]

Banner displaying "Vote To Make America Great Again" on a roadside in California shortly after the November 2016 election

Trump wearing a "Keep America Corking" hat in December 2019

During the 2016 campaign, Trump often used the slogan, peculiarly by wearing hats emblazoned with the phrase in white letters, which presently became popular among his supporters.[32] The slogan was so of import to the entrada that at one point it spent more on making the hats – sold for $25 each on its website – than on polling, consultants, or television commercials. Millions were sold, and Trump estimated that counterfeit versions outnumbered the real hat ten to ane. "...only it was a slogan, and every time somebody buys 1, that's an advertizement."[28]

Following Trump's ballot, the website of his presidential transition was established at greatagain.gov.[33] Trump said in 2017 and 2018 that the slogan of his 2020 reelection campaign would exist "Keep America Great" and he sought to trademark it.[28] [34] However, Trump'due south 2020 campaign continued to use the "Make America Groovy Again" slogan.[35] Trump'southward vice president, Mike Pence, used the phrase "make America keen again, again" in his 2020 Republican National Convention speech, garnering ridicule.[36] In late 2021, this phrase became the proper noun of a pro-Trump Super-PAC, which was also mocked.[37]

Less than a week after Trump left function, he spoke to advisors well-nigh possibly establishing a third party, which he suggested might exist named either the "Patriot Party" or "Make America Nifty Again Political party". In his first few days out of office, he also supported Arizona country party chairwoman Kelli Ward, who too called for the creation of a "MAGA Party". In late January 2021, the former president viewed the proposed MAGA Political party as leverage to prevent Republican senators from voting to captive him during the Senate impeachment trial, and to field challengers to Republicans who voted for his impeachment in the Business firm.[38] [39]

[edit]

Donald Trump took the entrada slogan to social media (primarily to Twitter), using the hashtags #makeamericagreatagain and its acronym #maga. In response to criticism regarding his frequent and untraditional usage of social media, Trump dedicated himself by tweeting "My use of social media is not Presidential – information technology's Modern Day PRESIDENTIAL. Make America Great Over again!" on July 1, 2017.[40]

In the first half of 2017, Trump repeated his slogan on Twitter 33 times.[41] In an article for Bloomberg News, Mark Whitehouse noted "A regression analysis suggests the phrase adds (very roughly) 51,000 to a postal service's retweet-and-favorite count, which is of import given that the average Trump tweet attracts a total of 107,000."[41]

Trump attributed his victory (in part) to social media when he said "I won the 2016 election with interviews, speeches, and social media."[42] Co-ordinate to RiteTag,[43] the estimated hourly statistics for #maga on Twitter lone include: 1,304 unique tweets, 5,820,000 hashtag exposure, and iii,424 retweets with fourteen% of #maga tweets including images, 55% including links, and 51% including mentions.[43]

Donald Trump set up his Twitter business relationship in March 2009. His follower-count increased significantly post-obit the announcement (June sixteen, 2015) of his intention to run for president in the 2016 presidential election, with particularly notable spikes occurring after his securing the Republican Party nomination (May 3, 2016) and after winning the presidency.[44]

Accusations of racism [edit]

Regarding its use since 2015, it is considered a loaded phrase. Marissa Melton, a Vocalisation of America journalist, among others,[5] [half-dozen] explained how it is a loaded phrase because it "doesn't merely appeal to people who hear it as racist coded language, but also to those who take felt a loss of status as other groups accept go more empowered."[4] As Sarah Churchwell explains, the slogan at present resonates every bit America Start did in the early on 1940s, with the idea "that the true version of America is the America that looks like me, the American fantasy I imagine existed before it was diluted with other races and other people."[45]

Writing opinion for the Los Angeles Times, Robin Abcarian wrote that "[w]earing a 'Make America Neat Again' chapeau is not necessarily an overt expression of racism. Merely if you wear i, it'due south a pretty good indication that you share, admire or capeesh President Trump's racist views nearly Mexicans, Muslims and border walls."[6] The Detroit Free Press and the Los Angeles Times reported how several of their readers rejected this characterization and did not believe the slogan or MAGA hats are evidence of racism, seeing them more than in patriotic or American nationalist terms.[46] [47] Nicholas Goldberg described the slogan as "fabled", writing: "It was vague plenty to entreatment to optimists generally, while leaving plenty of room for bitter and resentful voters to conclude that we were finally going back to the days when they ran the globe."[48] Polling has shown that nearly x percent of black voters identified every bit Trump supporters,[49] [ not-primary source needed ] while near thirty percent of Hispanic voters identified as Trump supporters.[50] [ better source needed ]

Use by others [edit]

In politics [edit]

Political commentator and author Peter Beinart published a 2006 book titled The Good Fight: Why Liberals – and Simply Liberals – Can Win the War on Terror and Make America Great Over again [51] drawing on the philosophy of theologian Reinhold Niebuhr after the Invasion of Iraq and early years of the War on Terror. In 2011, Christine O'Donnell published a volume almost her Republican Senate campaign in the 2010 Delaware special election titled Troublemaker: Let's Do What Information technology Takes To Make America Great Again.[52]

After Donald Trump popularized the use of the phrase, the phrase and modifications of information technology were widely used in reference both to his ballot campaign and to his politics. Trump's primary opponents, Ted Cruz and Scott Walker, began using "Brand America Great Again" in speeches, inciting Trump to send finish-and-desist letters to them.[28] Cruz later on sold hats featuring, "Make Trump Fence Once more", in response to Trump'south boycotting the Iowa January 28, 2016 debate.[53] The phrase has also been parodied in political statements, such as "Make America United mexican states Once again", a critique of Trump's clearing policies regarding the U.S.–Mexico border.[54] [55]

Utilise by political rivals [edit]

New York Governor Andrew Cuomo said America "was never that great" during a September 2018 nib signing.[56] [57] Old US Attorney General Eric Holder questioned the slogan in a March 2019 interview on MSNBC, asking: "Exactly when did yous recall America was bully?"[58] [59] During John McCain'south memorial service on September ane, 2018, his girl Meghan stated: "The America of John McCain has no demand to be made groovy again because America was always great."[sixty] Trump subsequently tweeted "MAKE AMERICA Corking Again!" later that twenty-four hour period.[61]

Use by detest groups [edit]

A 2018 written report using text mining and semantic network analytics of Twitter text and hashtags networks plant that the "#MakeAmericaGreatAgain" and "#MAGA" hashtags were commonly used by white supremacist and white nationalist users, and had been used as "an organizing discursive space" for far-correct extremists globally.[62]

Other countries [edit]

In June 2017, Emmanuel Macron, President of French republic, rebuked Trump over withdrawing from the Paris Agreement. The concluding sentence of the speech delivered by him was "make our planet great again."[63]

During his campaign for the 2019 Indonesian presidential election in October 2018, one-time opposition leader Prabowo Subianto used the phrase "make Indonesia keen again", though he denied having copied Trump.[64]

During the Swedish European Parliament election in May 2019, the Swedish Christian Democratic Political party used the slogan "Make EU Lagom Once more".[65] [66]

February 2019 Fridays for Future protest in Berlin with the line "Make World Greta Again"

Members of the Fridays for Futurity Movement accept oft used slogans like "Brand Earth Greta Again", referring to activist Greta Thunberg.[67] In 2019, Grant Armour and Milene Larsson co-directed a documentary film named Brand the World Greta Again.[68]

In pop culture [edit]

Rap-stone supergroup Prophets of Rage displaying a "Make America Rage Again" phase properties reminiscent of the "Make America Great Again" catchphrase as information technology appears on a MAGA hat

The phrase and its variants are widely used and parodied in media.

Developed entertainment [edit]

  • Adult film star Stormy Daniels, who allegedly had an affair with President Trump, took part in a "Brand America Horny Again" strip club tour. The tour followed Trump's initial 2016 campaign trail and part of the acquirement was donated to Planned Parenthood.[69]

Advert [edit]

  • A Dunk-a-roos marketing entrada used the slogan "Make America Dunk Once more".[70]

Artwork [edit]

  • Make Everything Cracking Again was a street art mural by artist Mindaugas Bonanu in Vilnius, Lithuania.[71] [72]

Comedy [edit]

  • Comedian David Cross's 2016 stand-up bout was titled "Making America Swell Again".[73]

Conventions and events [edit]

  • In 2016, 2 Dragon Con cosplayers challenge an association with Adult Swim and Drawing Network, and dressed as the Earth Merchandise Center during the September 11 attacks, wore "Make FishCenter Groovy Once again" hats.[74] [75] [76]

Fashion [edit]

  • Fashion Designer Andre Soriano used the "Make America Bang-up Again" Official presidential campaign Flag to pattern a MAGA Gown for celebrities in Hollywood to habiliment on Red Carpeting east.g. 2017 Grammy Awards.[77]

Films [edit]

  • In Hot Fuzz (2007), Inspector Frank Butterman says "Make Sandford Cracking Again" to Sergeant Nicholas Angel.[78]
  • In Holmes & Watson (2018), Sherlock Holmes wears a "Make England Great Once more" fez hat in ane scene.[79]
  • The Syfy motion picture Sharknado five: Global Swarming (2017) was released with the tagline "Brand America Bait Once more".[eighty]
  • The tagline for The Purge: Ballot Year (2016) is "Go on America Bang-up" (a phrase Trump would later use equally his 2020 campaign slogan); i of the Tv set spots for the moving-picture show featured Americans who explained why they support the Purge, with one stating he does so "to go on my country [America] great".[81] The next film in the franchise, The First Purge, was later on advertised with a poster featuring its championship stylized on a MAGA chapeau.[82]
  • The graphic symbol Paul in Da five Bloods is an avid Trump supporter and sports a MAGA hat throughout the film.[83]

Games [edit]

  • In Assassin's Creed Odyssey (2018), Cleon says "Make Athens Great Again" during his campaign against Pericles.
  • In the video game Mortal Kombat 11 (2019), Shao Kahn urges Mortal Kombatxi newcomer Kollector to "brand Outworld groovy again".
  • The video game Wolfenstein: The New Colossus (2017) used "Make America Nazi-Free Once again" in its marketing campaign.[84]
  • In Metallic Gear Ascension: Revengeance (2013), Senator Steven Armstrong uses the phrase "Make America Great Again" during his speech while battling Raiden.[85]

Music [edit]

  • Fall Out Boy released a remix of their anthology American Beauty/American Psycho titled Make America Psycho Again.[86]
  • Rapper Kevin Gates released a vocal in 2018 chosen Thou.A.T.A, meaning Brand America Trap Once again.[87]
  • Brand America Rock Again was a stone concert tour.[88]
  • Rap stone supergroup Prophets of Rage, consisting of members of Rage Against the Motorcar, Public Enemy and Cypress Hill, called their 2017 nationwide bout the "Make America Rage Again Tour", using a stage properties reminiscent of a MAGA lid.
  • UK musician and author James Kennedy released a stone protest album in 2020 chosen 'Make ANGER Great Once more'[89]
  • Snoop Dogg released a song titled "Make America Crip Again".[90]
  • Frank Turner released a song chosen "Make America Great Again" on his album Be More Kind (2018).
  • Singer Joy Villa produced a single "Make America Slap-up Over again" a few months after actualization at the 2017 Grammy Awards in a 'MAGA' clothes.[91]
  • Rapper Lil Wayne wore a hat proverb Make America Skate again in Hazard the Rapper's video No Problem
  • Hip Hop Producer Zaytoven released an anthology titled Make America Trap Over again (2019), with encompass art inspired by the Barack Obama "Promise" affiche.[92]
  • Russian activists and artists Pussy Riot released a song titled Make America Great Once more.[93]
  • Metallic band Thy Art Is Murder released a song called "Brand America Detest Again" on their album Homo Target (2019). They as well sell a lid with the slogan "Make Deathcore Peachy Again".

Sports [edit]

  • Then-Washington Nationals baseball outfielder Bryce Harper wore a hat maxim "Make Baseball game Fun Once again" during a postgame interview in 2016.

Books and Publications [edit]

  • Author Octavia E. Butler used "Make America Keen Once more" as the presidential campaign slogan for a character, Andrew Steele Jarret, in her 1998 dystopian novel, Parable of the Talents.[94] Jarret is described as "a demagogue, a rabble-rouser, and a hypocrite [who] pulled religion and regime together and cemented the link with money from rich businessmen".[95]
  • Author Andre Louis wrote and published "Brand America Date Over again",[96] a satirical book on dating and relationships.

Idiot box [edit]

  • John Oliver spoofed the slogan on his show Last Week This evening with John Oliver in a segment dedicated to Trump, urging viewers to "Make Donald Drumpf Again", in reference to the original ancestral name of the Trump family.[97] [98] The segment broke HBO viewership records, garnering 85 million views.[98]
  • In the S Park episode "Where My State Gone?" (2015), supporters of Mr. Garrison, who runs a campaign that is a parody of Trump'southward, are seen holding signs bearing the slogan.[99]
  • In the Star Trek: Discovery episode "What's Past Is Prologue" (2018), Gabriel Lorca vows to "make the Empire glorious once again", a line that was compared to Trump by many reviewers.[100] [101] [102] [103]

Notes [edit]

  1. ^ Pronunciation used by Trump.[i]

References [edit]

  1. ^ The Telegraph (May 30, 2020). Donald Trump: 'MAGA loves the black people' responding to race protests (YouTube video). Event occurs at 0:00.
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External links [edit]

  • Reagan at the 1980 GOP convention

rubinsubly1975.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Make_America_Great_Again

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